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涉外合同的其它表達(dá)方式
來源:本站    錄入:2018-4-26
 

涉外合同的其它表達(dá)方式

  

  

  涉外合同還采用下列表達(dá)方式,使其更加完整、簡(jiǎn)潔、醒目、結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、主次

  分明:

   

  1.     采用大小標(biāo)題、分章、分條、分款、分項(xiàng)書寫。

  

   

  2.     使用附錄(Annex)、一覽表(Schedule)等形式詳列某些必要的細(xì)節(jié)作為合同的

  組成部分。

  

   

  3.     在合同前文之后使用定義(Definition)條款—把合同中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的用語(yǔ)加以界定意

  義并賦予簡(jiǎn)稱,既避免解釋上的分歧,又能使合同簡(jiǎn)潔:

  

  Article 1: Definitions

  1.1 The Terms as used herein shall have the following meanings:

  1.1.1 The term Products means the products specified in Annex 2.

  1.1.2 The term components means any assembled or unassembled parts of the

  Products.

  

   

  4.     合同某些需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分用大寫字母書寫以資醒目;

  

  This AGREEMENT WITNESSES that WHEREAS and WHEREAS NOW

  THEREFORE, in consideration of it is hereby agreed as follows:

  

   

  5.     用“括號(hào)+簡(jiǎn)稱”的方式把合同中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的重要詞語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)化,以達(dá)到準(zhǔn)確、簡(jiǎn)潔的

  目的:

  

  Foreign Advance Broadcasting Ltd ofAmsterdam,Holland(hereinafter called

  ’LICENSOR) and China Broadcasting Products Factory (hereinafter called

  “LICENSEE) agree to sign this Contract with the terms and conditions as

  follows:

  

   

  6.     用“數(shù)字+文字”的方式把合同中某些重要的金額、數(shù)量、期限等加以強(qiáng)調(diào),以資

  醒目:

  

  US $ 4500 (SayUS. Dollars Four Thousand Five Hundred only)

  

  INVESTOR will assist CHINESE, PARTY to construct a paper mill inGuangdong

  Province,China, with a planned capacity of One Million (1000000) metric tons

  per year.

  

   

  涉外合同的語(yǔ)言特色(10)

  用語(yǔ)方面(6)

  

  六、下列特殊用語(yǔ)使用頻繁(2)

  1.     IN CONSIDERATION OF 以……為約因/報(bào)酬

  

  約因是英美法系的合同有效成立要件之一,沒有則合同不能依法強(qiáng)制履行。但是,

  大陸法系的合同則無此規(guī)定。

  

  Now Therefore, in consideration of the premises and the covenants herein,

  contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:

  茲以上述各點(diǎn)和契約所載條款為約因,訂約雙方協(xié)議如下:

  

  In consideration of the payment to be made by Party A to Party B, Party B hereby

  covenants with Party A to complete the building in conformity with the provisions

  of the Contract.

  乙方特此立約向甲方保證按合同規(guī)定完成工程建設(shè),以取得甲方所付的報(bào)酬。

  

   

  2.     NOW, THEREFORE 茲特

  

  此短語(yǔ)用于WHEREAS條款之后引出具體協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的常用開頭語(yǔ),并與其后

  hereby的結(jié)合。如果無HEREAS條款,則本短語(yǔ)可省略:

  

  NOW, THEREFORE, its hereby agreed and understood as follows;

  茲特協(xié)議和諒解如下:

  

   

  3.     NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS 茲特立約為據(jù)

  

  本句話也是用于WHEREAS條款之后引出具體協(xié)議事項(xiàng)。

  PRESENTS = the present writings 是主語(yǔ),WITNESS是謂語(yǔ):

  

  NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS that it is hereby agreed between the parties

  hereto as follows:

  茲特立約為據(jù),并由訂約雙方協(xié)議如下:

  

   

  4.     IN THE PRESENCE OF 見證人

  

  本短語(yǔ)只在有見證人時(shí)使用—在訂約雙方當(dāng)事人簽名的下方由見證人簽名作證,一

  般是相關(guān)的律師(Attorney)或公證處(Notary Public:

  

  IN THE PRESENCE OF the parties hereto have hereunder set their respective

  hands and seals:

  作為協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù),訂約雙方各自簽名蓋章如下:

  

  For and on behalf the first Party(甲方代表):

  The EMPLOYER (雇主)…

  Capacity (職位)

  In the Presence of (見證人)

  Capacity (職位)…

  Address (地址)…

  

  For and on behalf of the Second party(乙方代表):

  The CONTRACTOR (承包人)

  Capacity (職位)…

  In the Presence of (見證人)

  Capacity (職位)…

  Address (地址)….

  

   

  

   

   

   

  1.     WHEREAS 鑒于

  

  正式而重要的合同,尤其是英美法系的合同,多用它在前文中引出簽約背景和目的,

  起連詞作用:

  

  WHEREAS the Employer is desirous that manpower can be rendered available for the

  construction of High-Rise Residential Complex inBaghdad,Iraq;

  鑒于雇主欲請(qǐng)勞動(dòng)力建造伊拉克巴格達(dá)的高層住宅綜合大樓;

  

  WHEREAS the Contractor is desirous to provide the manpower for the Works;

  鑒于承包人想為此工程提供勞動(dòng)力;

  

   

  2.     WITNESS 證明

  

  在合同前文中常用作首句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:

  

  This Agreement, made by ...

  WITNESSES

  WHEREAS..., it is agreed as follows:

  本協(xié)議由……簽訂證明:鑒于……特此達(dá)成協(xié)議如下:

  

   

  3.     IN WITNESS WHEREOF 作為所協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù):

  

  該短語(yǔ)常用于合同的結(jié)尾條款:

  

  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract in duplicate by their

  duly authorized representatives on the date first above written.

  作為所協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù),雙方授權(quán)代表于上面首次寫明的日期正式簽訂本協(xié)議一式

  兩份。

  

  緊接合約本文的是其結(jié)束語(yǔ),通常以IN WITNESS WHEREOF開頭,意思是“

  作為所協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù)“,全用大寫,承諾從是日起,合約就由雙方授權(quán)的高級(jí)

  職員或代表執(zhí)行。

  

  INWITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement in

  English and in duplicate to be executed by their duly authorized officers

  representatives as of the day first above written.

  

  作為所協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù),與約雙方已使英文和一式二份的本合約從上面首次寫

  明的日子起由其正式授權(quán)的高級(jí)職員或代表執(zhí)行。

   

   

  如何如何閱讀英文合約閱讀英文合約(初版)

  作者:劉承愚律師.黃怡君小姐

  肆 英文合約的結(jié)構(gòu)

   一份完整的英文合約通??梢苑譃闃?biāo)題、序文、主文條款及結(jié)尾辭四大部

  份?!笜?biāo)題」在開宗明義地顯示合約的性質(zhì);「序文」是用最簡(jiǎn)單的說明,大

  略介紹合約訂立的背景;「主文條款」里包括依各種合約性質(zhì)的不同而約定的

  特殊條款,以及不論何種類型合約都會(huì)出現(xiàn)的一般條款;最后「結(jié)尾辭」則是

  當(dāng)事人簽名前的一段文字,為整份合約畫下句點(diǎn)。以下分別就此四部份為說明。

  一、合約的標(biāo)題

   英文合約和中文合約都一樣,標(biāo)題并不是一定要有的,因?yàn)楫?dāng)事人間的法

  律關(guān)系是用合約內(nèi)容的各個(gè)條款來判斷,標(biāo)題基本上不會(huì)產(chǎn)生任何影響。但為

  方便辨識(shí)的考量,合約撰寫人通常都會(huì)依照合約性質(zhì),在合約首頁(yè)的最上方給

  予一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題,例如“Share Purchase Agreement“(股份收購(gòu)合約)、“Joint

  Venture Agreement“(合資合約)、 Loan Agreement“(貸款合約)、

  “Distribution Agreement“(經(jīng)銷合約)、 License Agreement“(授權(quán)合約)等

  等。

   至于標(biāo)題中可能使用的 agreement contract 、 letter

  “memorandum 、 understanding 等各式各樣的名稱,有哪些意義相同,哪

  些在法律上可能有不同的拘束力,則請(qǐng)參閱第壹編之壹「英文合約的名稱」一

  節(jié),不再贅述。

  二、合約的序文

   英文合約在標(biāo)題之后,各式各樣的條款出現(xiàn)之前,通常會(huì)先有一段「序文」,

  一般而言不會(huì)占去太多的篇幅,目的在很簡(jiǎn)略地介紹合約規(guī)范內(nèi)容之人、事、

  時(shí)、地、物等背景,讓閱讀合約的人在接觸冗長(zhǎng)復(fù)雜的主文前,先有一個(gè)基礎(chǔ)

  的認(rèn)識(shí)與心理準(zhǔn)備。

   詳細(xì)來說,序文通常又分作以下兩個(gè)段落:第一部份文字叫做

  “commencement ,也就是合約的「開場(chǎng)白」,內(nèi)容在說明合約當(dāng)事人姓名或

  名稱、當(dāng)事人的國(guó)籍與住所或主營(yíng)業(yè)所、訂約日期等等。

   This Share Purchase Agreement is made on the 3rd day of May, 1991

  by and between&:

   (1) ENTERPRISES HOJAEC SA, a company organized and existing&

  under the laws ofFranceand having its registered office& at 89 rue Albert

  Thomas, 75010 Paris and

   (2) Mark Gilbert Handerson, an individual with nationality of the United

  States of America (Passport No.12345678), residing at2199 Palm Street,

  Pleasant Hill,California94509,USA.

   本股份收購(gòu)契約訂立于公元一九九一年五月三日,雙方當(dāng)事人為:

   (1) 依法國(guó)法律組織設(shè)立的ENTERPRISES HOJAEC SA公司, 注冊(cè)所在

  地為48 rue Albert Thomas, 75010 Paris,與

   (2) 美國(guó)籍的Mark Gilbert Handerson (護(hù)照號(hào)碼12345678 ),居住于2199

  Palm Street, Pleasant Hill, California 94509, USA

   by and between

  要表示合約是由哪些當(dāng)事人所訂定,英文中通常會(huì)說“This Agreement is made

  by and between...“,用“by“來表示合約「被誰(shuí)訂定」,“between“來表示「誰(shuí)與

  誰(shuí)之間的合意」。如果當(dāng)事人不只兩個(gè),也可以用“by and among“來代替。

  & organized and existing

  合約開場(chǎng)白里要說明當(dāng)事人的國(guó)籍,在自然人的情況下可以用“a national of ...

  或“an individual with the nationality of ...“來表示,如果是法人組織多半使用

  “organized and existing under the laws of ...“這樣的字眼,其中“organized“也

  可以用“incorporated“來代替。

  & registered office

  “registered office“是指一個(gè)公司的「注冊(cè)所在地」,它和“principal office ,即

  「主營(yíng)業(yè)所」并不一定位于同一個(gè)地方。舉例來說,現(xiàn)在臺(tái)灣很多本土企業(yè)基

  于稅務(wù)與方便性的考量,流行在海外幾個(gè)特定的地方,例如英屬維京群島

  (British Virgin Islands; 簡(jiǎn)稱“BVI“)成立所謂的「紙上公司」(“paper

  company“),此時(shí)這個(gè)公司必須在BVI「當(dāng)?shù)亍乖O(shè)有一個(gè)registered office,但

  是公司的principal office則可能不在BVI,而位于臺(tái)灣本土,因?yàn)楣疽磺械臉I(yè)

  務(wù)經(jīng)營(yíng)實(shí)際上都在臺(tái)灣進(jìn)行。

   第二部份叫做“Recitals“或“Preambles“,是由數(shù)個(gè)以“Whereas“字樣開頭

  的句子所組合而成(這些句子俗稱為“Whereas Clauses 。 Whereas“的本義

  是“When in fact“、“considering that“、或“that being the case“的意思,所以

  “Whereas Clauses“就表示當(dāng)事人乃是在本于對(duì)這些事實(shí)(例如訂約的目的、背

  景來由等)的共同認(rèn)識(shí),訂立此合約。以下是一個(gè)經(jīng)銷契約(Distribution

  Agreement)的Whereas Clauses,很簡(jiǎn)單明了地?cái)⑹鲋圃焐膛c經(jīng)銷商雙方合

  作的意愿。

   Whereas, Manufacturer is engaged in the manufacture and sale of the

  Products;

   Whereas, Manufacturer is desirous of selling the Products in the

  Territory;

   Whereas, Distributor is engaged in the importation and distribution of the

  related products of the Products in the Territory; and

   Whereas, Distributor is desirous of becoming a distributor of the

  Products in the Territory.

   &Now Therefore, the parties hereto agree as follows:

  (*Manufacturer, Products, Territory, and Distributor are all to be defined

  in other parts of the contract.)

   制造人乃從事本商品制造之公司。

   制造人希望在經(jīng)銷區(qū)域進(jìn)行本商品之銷售。

   銷售人乃在經(jīng)銷區(qū)域從事與本商品相關(guān)商品進(jìn)口與銷售之公司。

   銷售人希望能在經(jīng)銷區(qū)域代銷本商品。

   基于以上之認(rèn)識(shí),雙方當(dāng)事人遂就下列各事項(xiàng)達(dá)成協(xié)議:

  (*文中提到的「制造人」、「本商品」、「經(jīng)銷區(qū)域」及「經(jīng)銷商」都應(yīng)該在

  合約的其它部份加以定義。)請(qǐng)參照本書第貳編之伍「定義條款」。

  ? Now Therefore, the parties hereto agree as follows:

  緊接在一串whereas clauses之后,會(huì)出現(xiàn)類似上例中的“Now Therefore, the

  parties hereto agree as follows:“這樣一句話,目的在提醒閱讀合約的人,真正

  規(guī)范訂約當(dāng)事人權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系的條款在這句話之后就要開始了,也就是說,這

  句話(一般稱為“operative part“)是序文與主文之間的橋梁,在此之前為訂約

  背景事實(shí)的敘述,在此之后則為關(guān)于交易關(guān)系的實(shí)體約定。

   實(shí)務(wù)上常見者,當(dāng)事人簽署一份合約之后,因?yàn)閷?duì)同一交易事件還有后續(xù)

  的約定未及于該合約記載清楚,于是再另外作成第二份合約,作為先前合約的

  補(bǔ)充條款(supplemental clauses)。在這種情況下訂立的第二份合約中,就會(huì)

  在Whereas Clauses 說明其締約的來由與補(bǔ)充的性質(zhì)。例如:

   WHEREAS, this Agreement is supplemental to an agreement dated 5

  December 1989 between the parties to this Agreement (the Principal

  Agreement) under which the Purchaser agreed to buy certain assets of the

  Vendor for an aggregate sum of 3 million.

   本合約是為補(bǔ)充雙方當(dāng)事人前于公元一九八九年十二月五日業(yè)已締結(jié)之

  合約(以下稱「主合約」)所訂立,買方于主合約中同意向賣方購(gòu)買總價(jià)值三

  百萬(wàn)英鎊的資產(chǎn)。

  三、主文條款

   各式各樣的主文條款是合約中最核心的部份,也是篇幅最大的部份,與當(dāng)

  事人的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系發(fā)生最直接、最密切的牽連,例如買賣契約中一定要有價(jià)

  金、標(biāo)的物等約定,合資契約中一定要約定各股東間的出資比例,授權(quán)契約一

  定要談到授權(quán)范圍等等,這些都是主文部份要詳細(xì)記載的。

   本書擬將英文合約中的主文條款大分為兩類:「特殊條款」與「一般條款」。

  所謂「特殊條款」指的是只有在某些特定性質(zhì)的合約中才會(huì)出現(xiàn)的條款,例如

  合資契約中通常會(huì)約定當(dāng)事人合資成立的公司由誰(shuí)來管理,董事與監(jiān)察人由誰(shuí)

  來?yè)?dān)任等等問題,但是抵押契約就不會(huì)有這些約定。反過來說,抵押契約中一

  定要記載的抵押品項(xiàng)目、抵押期限等等,在合資契約中就不會(huì)出現(xiàn)。諸如此類

  的「特殊條款」將留待本書之后續(xù)-「進(jìn)階篇」來詳細(xì)介紹。

   相對(duì)于「特殊條款」的所謂「一般條款」,指的是不論合約性質(zhì)如何,幾

  乎所有的合約中都會(huì)記載的條款,例如管轄法院的約定、保密條款、準(zhǔn)據(jù)法條

  款等等,將于本書第貳編中詳細(xì)介紹,在此亦不贅述。

  四、合約的結(jié)尾辭

   英文合約架構(gòu)中的最后一個(gè)部份就是結(jié)尾辭與當(dāng)事人的簽名。所謂「結(jié)尾

  辭」指的是在當(dāng)事人簽名之前經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一段文字,除了表明簽名人確實(shí)有簽

  名的正當(dāng)權(quán)限外,還會(huì)載明簽名的日期。至于簽名欄的部份,如果當(dāng)事人是公

  司的話,除了要蓋公司印鑒以外,還要有代表人的簽名,并且通常會(huì)注明代表

  人的職稱(title)。

   IN WITNESS WHEREOF&, the parties hereto have caused this

  Agreement to be executed by duly authorized representatives& of both parties

  on the date and year first written above&.

   

   

  作者:劉承愚律師.黃怡君小姐

  捌 保證條款與承諾條款(Representations and Warranties; Covenants

   所謂「保證條款」(Representations; Warranties),系指當(dāng)事人一方或

  雙方針對(duì)過去曾經(jīng)發(fā)生或現(xiàn)在存在,可能影響合約效力的一些「事實(shí)」,保證

  為確實(shí)不虛假的條款。常見者例如公司作為當(dāng)事人所訂立的合約,為確實(shí)保障

  雙方權(quán)益,常常以此類條款保證公司成立的合法性、公司具備完整的權(quán)利能力

 ?。捶缮舷硎軝?quán)利、履行義務(wù)的能力)、該訂約行為曾經(jīng)過公司內(nèi)部合法程

  序決議等等事項(xiàng)。

   至于「承諾條款」(Covenants),則是指當(dāng)事人對(duì)于未來的事情承諾一

  定的作為或不作為。例如A公司將自己旗下的造紙業(yè)資產(chǎn)與股份全數(shù)出售給B

  公司,B公司為了保障自己在市場(chǎng)上的地位與經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,可能會(huì)要求A公司承

  諾在這些股份與資產(chǎn)出售后,將不再經(jīng)營(yíng)相同的造紙事業(yè),或購(gòu)入其它造紙業(yè)

  的股份,這種所謂的「不競(jìng)業(yè)」義務(wù)的約定,就是A公司的一個(gè)“Covenant“。

   雖然在學(xué)理上可以將“Representation“、“Warranty“和“Covenant“做以上的

  區(qū)別,但是在英文合約的實(shí)際撰寫上,常常把它們放在同一個(gè)條款,而統(tǒng)稱為

  “Representations and Warranties“,或是“Covenants and Warranties“。下面為

  了清楚起見,還是用兩個(gè)例子分開說明。

   當(dāng)事人通常會(huì)約定,保證條款里所敘述過去或現(xiàn)在的「事實(shí)」如果有虛假

  情事,或者當(dāng)事人違反自己在承諾條款所為之承諾,對(duì)方當(dāng)事人即取得解除契

  約的權(quán)利(right of termination;請(qǐng)參考本編之拾肆「違約條款」一節(jié))。

   The Seller hereby represents and warrants as to itself that:

   (i) it is a duly organized legal entity&, validly existing and in good

  standing& under the laws of the Republic of China;

   (ii) its Board of Directors has taken all necessary action to duly authorize

  the execution, delivery and performance& of this Agreement which actions

  are reflected in the minutes book& of the corporation; and

   (iii) its entry into and performance of its obligations under this Agreement

  do not violate any legal requirements& in the Republic of China as of the date

  hereof or any material agreements to which it is a party.

   出賣人保證下列事項(xiàng)屬實(shí):

   (i) 本公司為依中華民國(guó)法律合法組織存在之法律主體;

   (ii) 本公司董事會(huì)已依法授權(quán)本公司進(jìn)行與本合約相關(guān)的訂立與履行事

  宜,并記載于董事會(huì)記錄中;

   (iii) 本公司訂立本合約及因本合約所致生之義務(wù),不違反訂約時(shí)之任何中

  華民國(guó)法令,或違反其它任何本公司為當(dāng)事人的合約。

   & legal entity

   在法律上,除了自然人(natural person)具備享受權(quán)利、負(fù)擔(dān)義務(wù)的能力

  之外,還承認(rèn)所謂的“legal entity“(法律主體)也有這種權(quán)利能力,例如公司法

  人就屬于這樣的一種“legal entity“,可以作為合約之當(dāng)事人。

   & in good standing

   good standing“是一個(gè)公司合法、有效存在的一種表征。例如在美國(guó),公

  司每年向各州州政府繳交少許的手續(xù)費(fèi)用,州政府就會(huì)對(duì)該公司進(jìn)行一些簡(jiǎn)單

  的調(diào)查工作,如納稅記錄等等,如果沒有問題,就會(huì)發(fā)給一張“certificate of good

  standing“,表彰該公司的狀況大致良好。

   & execution, delivery and performance

   關(guān)于合約的簽署和履行,英文里常 execution delivery

  “performance 合成一句話來說。其中“execution“是「簽署」合約,

  “performance 是「履行」合約,都沒有什么問題,但是“delivery“究竟所指為

  何,卻不清楚,一般法律學(xué)者僅知道它是從古老的英國(guó)契約法沿用下來的用語(yǔ),

  至于它的意義似已不可考。

   & minutes book

   公司法對(duì)于股東會(huì)與董事會(huì)開會(huì),都要求做成“minutes book“(議事錄),

  記載會(huì)議之日期、場(chǎng)所、主席姓名、決議方式、議事經(jīng)過之要領(lǐng)與結(jié)果等等事

  項(xiàng),歷屆股東會(huì)議事錄還要備置于本公司供公司債權(quán)人隨時(shí)查閱抄錄。

   & legal requirements

   例如股權(quán)移轉(zhuǎn)可能需要向財(cái)政部證券管理委員會(huì)申報(bào),外國(guó)人投資必須由

  經(jīng)濟(jì)部投資審議委員會(huì)核準(zhǔn)等,都屬于這里所說的legal requirements (法律

  要件)。

   The Landlord hereby covenants that the Premises will not be sold or

  mortgaged to any third person during the term of this Agreement.

   房東保證本約期間不將租賃標(biāo)的物出售或抵押給第三人。

   

  ___________________ ___________________

  By: By:

  Title: Title:

   本約由被授權(quán)之人,于本約序文所記載日期,代表雙方當(dāng)事人締結(jié)之,特

  此為證。

   

  _________________ __________________

  代表人: 代表人:

  職稱: 職稱:

  ? IN WITNESS WHEREOF

  這三個(gè)字是英文合約結(jié)尾辭的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模式,就權(quán)利義務(wù)的規(guī)范上并沒有什么特別

  的功能或意義,與中文合約里最后通常會(huì)記載的「恐口說無憑,特立本約為證」

  很類似,有時(shí)候會(huì)用“INTENDING TO BE LEGALLY BOUND“代替,意思也是

  一樣的。

  ? duly authorized representatives

  當(dāng)合約之當(dāng)事人為法人組織時(shí),必須推派出一位自然人作為代表,例如公司的

  代表人通常會(huì)是董事長(zhǎng),代表公司與其它人訂立合約,建立權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系。除

  了董事長(zhǎng)根據(jù)法律當(dāng)然具備對(duì)外代表公司的權(quán)限之外,公司董事會(huì)也可以決議

  授權(quán)某一個(gè)董事、總經(jīng)理、或其它重要職員作為公司簽約的代表人,此時(shí)與公

  司簽約的對(duì)方當(dāng)事人為了確保這個(gè)代表人的確屬于“duly authorized

  representative“,可以要求公司提供這個(gè)授權(quán)的董事會(huì)決議證明,以妥善保護(hù)自

  己的權(quán)益。

  ? the date and year first written above

  如果合約結(jié)尾辭里注明的日期和合約最前面序文所載的日期相同,就用這句話

  表示,如果不同的話,就應(yīng)該另以條款明定合約生效日(Effective Date,請(qǐng)參

  考本書第貳編之拾參「合約之期間與更新」),以免產(chǎn)生爭(zhēng)議。

   

   

   

  Well have the contract ready for signature.

  我們應(yīng)準(zhǔn)備好合同待簽字。

  We signed a contract for medicines.

  我們簽訂了一份藥品合同。

  Mr. Zhang sings the contract on behalf of the China National Silk Import & Export Corporation.

  張先生代表中國(guó)絲綢進(jìn)出口總公司在合同上簽了字。

  A Japanese company and SINOCHEM have entered into a new contract.

  中國(guó)化工進(jìn)出口總公司已經(jīng)和日本一家公司簽訂了一份新合同。

  It was because of you that we landed the contract.

  因?yàn)橛辛四悖覀儾藕灹四欠莺贤?/span>

  We offered a much lower price, so they got the contract.

  由于我們報(bào)價(jià)低,他們和我們簽了合同。

  Are we anywhere near a contract yet?

  我們可以(接近于)簽合同了嗎?

  We sign a contract when we are acting as principals.(principals refers to the seller and the

  “buyer)

  當(dāng)我們作為貨主時(shí)都要簽訂合同。(這里的“貨主“指合同中的賣方和買方)

  I know we (the seller) should draw up a contract and the buyer has to sign it.

  我們知道我們(賣方)應(yīng)該擬出一份合同,買方必須簽署合同。

  We should simultaneously sign two contracts, one sales contract for beef and mutton, and the

  other contract of equal value for the purchase of cotton.

  我們同時(shí)簽兩個(gè)合同,一是牛羊肉的銷售(出口)合同,另一個(gè)是等額的棉花購(gòu)買(進(jìn)口)

  合同。

  We both want to sign a contract, and we have to make some concessions to do it.

  我們都想簽合同,因此雙方都要做些讓步。

  We are here to discuss a new contract with you.

  我們來這里和您談?wù)動(dòng)喴环菪潞贤膯栴}。

  Our current contract is about to expire, and well need to discuss a new one.

  歐文們現(xiàn)有合同快要期滿了,需要再談一個(gè)新合同。

  We can repeat the contract on the same terms.

  我們可以按同樣條件再訂一個(gè)合同。

  A few problems with supply under the old contract must be quickly resolved.

  老合同中的一些供貨問題必須盡快解決。

  We ought to clear up problems arising from the old contract.

  我們應(yīng)該清理一下老合同中出現(xiàn)的問題。

  Do you always make out a contract for every deal?

  每筆交易都需要訂一份合同嗎?

  As per the contract, the construction of factory is now under way.

  根據(jù)合同規(guī)定,工廠的建設(shè)正在進(jìn)行中。

   

  Words and Phrases

  contract 合同,訂立合同

  contractor 訂約人,承包人

  contractual 合同的,契約的

  to make a contract 簽訂合同

  to place a contract 訂合同

  to enter into a contract 訂合同

  to sign a contract 簽合同

  to draw up a contract 擬訂合同

  to draft a contract 起草合同

  to get a contract 得到合同

  to land a contract 得到(擁有)合同

  to countersign a contract 會(huì)簽合同

  to repeat a contract 重復(fù)合同

  an executory contract 尚待執(zhí)行的合同

  a nice fat contract 一個(gè)很有利的合同

  originals of the contract 合同正本

  copies of the contract 合同副本

  a written contract 書面合同

  to make some concession 做某些讓步

   

   

 ?。ǘ?/span>

   

  Look at this contract.

  請(qǐng)看這份合同。

  These are two originals of the contract we prepared.

  這是我們準(zhǔn)備好的兩份合同正本。

  We enclose our sales contract No.45 in duplicate.

  附上我們第45號(hào)銷售合同一式兩份。

  The copy of our contract will be returned.

  合同的副本將被歸還。

  This contract is for 250 metric tons of groundnuts at RMB1800 per M/T C&FCopenhagen.

  這是一份250噸花生的合同,價(jià)格為每公噸哥本哈根成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)價(jià)1800元。

  May I refer you to Article 5 of the General Terms and Conditions of the contract?

  請(qǐng)您看看合同一般條款的第五條。

  May I refer you to the contract stipulation about packing (or shipping....)?

  請(qǐng)您看看合同中有關(guān)包裝(裝運(yùn))的規(guī)定。

  You must state the description of the goods, the quantity and the unit price in each contract.

  每筆合同中都應(yīng)該提到的商品的性能說明、數(shù)量和單價(jià)。

  What are the main clauses in the contract?

  合同中的主要條款有哪些?

  There is an arbitration clause in the contract. (or insurance clause, inspection clause, shipping

  clause...)

  這是合同中的一項(xiàng)仲裁條款。(或:保險(xiǎn)條款,檢驗(yàn)條款,裝運(yùn)條款等)

  Payment terms are important in a contract too, arent they?

  合同中的付款條件也很重要,對(duì)嗎?

  We ship our goods in accordance with the terms of the contract.

  我們按合同條款交貨。

  Im sure that shipment will be effected according to the contract stipulation.

  我保證我們能按合同規(guī)定如期裝船。

  We sincerely hope that both quality and quantity are in conformity with the contract stipulations.

  我們真誠(chéng)希望質(zhì)量、數(shù)量都與合同規(guī)定相吻合。

  All terms and conditions will be the same as those in your previous contract number C70064.

  所有條款與我們過去簽的第C70064號(hào)合同規(guī)定的各項(xiàng)條款相同。

  The contract states that the supplier will be charged a penalty if there is a delay in delivery.

  合同規(guī)定如果供貨商延誤交貨期,將被罰款。

  When the goods arent up to specification stated in the contract, there is also a penalty for poor

  quality.

  如果所交貨物與合同所規(guī)定規(guī)格不符,還有品質(zhì)惡劣罰款。

   

  Words and Phrases

  contract terms (or contract clause) 合同條款

  contract provisions/stipulations 合同規(guī)定

  contract period (or contract term) 合同期限

  contract life 合同有效期

  to be stipulated in the contract 在合同中予以規(guī)定

  to be laid down in the contract 在合同中列明

   

   

 ?。ㄈ?/span>

   

  The contract comes into effect today, we cant go back on our word now.

  合同已于今日生效,我們不能反悔了

  Once the contract is approved by the Chinese government, it is legally binding upon both parties.

  合同一經(jīng)中國(guó)政府批準(zhǔn),對(duì)雙方就有了法律約束力。

  We have to hold you to the contract.

  我們不得不要求你們按合同辦事。

  You must put their rights and interest into a contract.

  你們必須把他們的權(quán)益訂在合同中。

  We always carry out the terms o four contract to the letter and stand by what we say.

  我們堅(jiān)持重合同,守信用。

  Its clearly a breach of contract.

  這顯然是違反了合同。

  Any deviation from the contract will be unfavourable.

  任何違反合同之事都是不利的。

  The buyer has the option of canceling the contract.

  買主有權(quán)撤消合同。

  You have no grounds for backing out of the contract.

  你們沒有正當(dāng)理由背棄合同。

  In case one party fails to carry out the contract, the other party is entitled to cancel the contract.

  如果一方不執(zhí)行合同,另一方有權(quán)撤消該合同。

  Are you worrying about the non-execution of the contract and non-payment on our part?

  你是否擔(dān)心我們不履行合同或者拒不付款?

  You cannot cancel the contract without first securing our agreement.

  如果沒有事先征得我們同意,你們不能取消合同。

  This contract will come into force as soon as it is signed by two parties.

  合同一經(jīng)雙方簽定即生效。

  Once a contract is made, it must be strictly implemented.

  合同一旦確定就應(yīng)嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行。

   

  Words and Phrases

  to bring a contract into effect 使合同生效

  to come into effect 生效

  to go (enter)into force 生效

  to cease to be in effect/force 失效

  to carry out a contract 執(zhí)行合同

  to execute/implement/fulfil/perform a contract 執(zhí)行合同

  cancellation of contract 撤消合同

  breach of contract 違反合同

  to break the contract 毀約

  to cancel the contract 撤消合同

  to tear up the contract 撕毀合同

  to approve the contract 審批合同

  to honour the contract 重合同

  to annual the contract 廢除合同

  to terminate the contract 解除合同

  to alter the contract 修改合同

  to abide by the contract 遵守合同

  to go back on ones words 反悔

  to be legally binding 受法律約束

  to stand by 遵守

  non-payment 拒不付款

  to secure ones agreement 征得...的同意

  Additional Words and Phrases

  contract price 合約價(jià)格

  contract wages 合同工資

  contract note 買賣合同(證書)

  contract of employment 雇傭合同

  contract of engagement 雇傭合同

  contract of carriage 運(yùn)輸合同

  contract of arbitration 仲裁合同

  contract for goods 訂貨合同

  contract for purchase 采購(gòu)合同

  contract for service 勞務(wù)合同

  contract for future delivery 期貨合同

  contract of sale 銷售合同

  contract of insurance 保險(xiǎn)合同

  contract sales 訂約銷售

  contract law 合同法

  to ship a contract 裝運(yùn)合同的貨物

  contractual dispute 合同上的爭(zhēng)議

  a long-term contract 長(zhǎng)期合同

  a short-term contract 短期合同

  contract parties 合同當(dāng)事人

  contractual practice/usage 合同慣例

  contractual claim 根據(jù)合同的債權(quán)

  contractual liability/obligation 合同規(guī)定的義務(wù)

  contractual income 合同收入

  contractual specifications 合同規(guī)定

  contractual terms & conditions 合同條款和條件

  contractual guarantee 合同規(guī)定的擔(dān)保

  contractual damage 合同引起的損害

  contractual-joint-venture 合作經(jīng)營(yíng),契約式聯(lián)合經(jīng)營(yíng)

  completion of contract 完成合同

  execution of contract 履行合同

  performance of contract 履行合同

  interpretation of contract 解釋合同

  expiration of contract 合同期滿

  renewal of contract 合同的續(xù)訂

 
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